Network Models

Network Models















The OSI Model (Open Systems Interconnection) is a framework that divides computer networking into seven distinct layers, each with specific functions. Starting from the Physical Layer, which handles the actual transmission of raw data bits, up to the Application Layer, which interacts directly with software applications, the OSI Model helps standardize how different networking devices and protocols communicate. This layered approach makes it easier to design, troubleshoot, and understand complex networks by breaking down the communication process into manageable parts.

On the other hand, the TCP/IP Model is a simpler, more practical framework used widely on the internet. It consists of four layers—Network Interface, Internet, Transport, and Application—that correspond roughly to groups of OSI layers. TCP/IP focuses on the core protocols, like IP for addressing and routing, and TCP for reliable data transfer. Together, these models form the foundation of modern networking, enabling seamless communication across diverse devices and networks worldwide.

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